'The Effects of Exercise on the Brain' lesson plan kit is part of the Strength in Science project developed in collaboration between researchers, science teachers, PE teachers, fitness instructors, and Junior Cycle students.
In this short film, we meet NUI Galway researchers, Dr. Una Fitzgerald, Dr. Jill McMahon and Enrico Bagnoli, who explains the science behind how exercise is good for your brain. It includes suggestions for what types are exercise are particularly good for your brain. Also we learn about the latest work in medical devices to support your brain.
When you cycle a bike, perform a bicep curl, or go for a walk, your body is performing a movement pattern it is familiar with. The neural pathways in your brain involved in performing these movements already exist and are being reinforced through repetition. You are more or less ‘going through the motions’ without having to mentally concentrate on the mechanics of each step.
When dancing, you are forced to process and perform new movement patterns. This requires greater mental focus and the creation of new neural pathways in the brain. A brain with a more complex and varied neural network is stronger and may age more slowly later in life. If you don’t like dancing, you can challenge your brain with unfamiliar exercise techniques instead. This will stimulate your brain to form new neural pathways also. For example, try kicking a ball with your less dominant foot, or swinging a racket or hurl with your less dominant hand!
Dr. Una FitzGerald and Dr. Jill McMahon at the National University of Ireland Galway are developing new therapies to treat neurodegenerative diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease. Dr. FitzGerald’s research group is collaborating with universities and companies all over Europe as part of the EU-funded BrainMatTrain project which is developing a biomaterial-based medical device to treat Parkinson’s disease. Researchers in the BrainMatTrain project are studying what happens in the brain of someone who has Parkinson’s disease. They are also testing a biomaterial to deliver medicine to the brain as a treatment for the disease. The biomaterial used in the project is a collagen gel which is soft and squishy just like the brain. Medicine is put inside the gel to help new neurons grow in the brain.
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Stretches:
After the warm-up, get the students to perform dynamic stretches targeting the following muscle groups in preparation for the activities:
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Get the students to perform static stretches targeting the following muscle groups that were worked during the activities:
Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease with 10 million people affected worldwide, and around 8,000 people in Ireland. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is another neurodegenerative disease with an estimated 2.5 million sufferers worldwide. More than 9,000 people in Ireland are living with MS, and approximately three times as many women than men are diagnosed with it.
MedTech companies with bases in Ireland produce Medical Devices to repair damage to both the Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System. Boston Scientific’s branch in Clonmel designs, develops and manufactures Deep Brain Stimulators and Spinal Cord Stimulators. Medtronic, headquartered in Dublin, is also a producer of Deep Brain Stimulation and Spinal Cord Stimulation products. Additionally, Stryker (with branches in Cork and Limerick) produces two conduits to repair peripheral nerve damage.
Junior Cycle Science |
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Junior Cycle Short Course in Physical Education (2016) |
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Junior Cycle Syllabus in Physical Education (2003) |
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